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This certification exam is targeted for professional expert who want validate their IT security knowledge and skills.
CompTIA Security SY0-401 is a benchmark for best practices in IT security, this certification covers the essential principles for network security and risk management and it is a mandatory step for your IT security career.
CompTIA Security SY0-401 exam will verify if professionals have the right skills to secure networks from hackers attacks in cloud computing and on-premis infrastructures and mobile devices too.
CompTIA Security meets the ISO 17024 standard and is approved by U.S. Department of Defense to fulfill Directive 8570.01-M requirements.
This is a fundamental step in your career advance as obtaining your Security will automatically boost your career because CompTIA Security is a globally recognized credential with certified professionals working in over 147 countries throughout the world.
The certification is for administrators, system engineers, functional consultants, partners, and project managers, and developers which want to proof their ability in the Security world.
This is a list of covered topics:
| Topic | Details |
|---|
| Network Security 20% |
| Implement security configuration parameters on network devices and other technologies. | 1.Firewalls 2.Routers 3.Switches 4.Load balancers 5.Proxies 6.Web security gateways 7.VPN concentrators 8.NIDS and NIPS- Behavior-based
- Signature-based
- Anomaly-based
- Heuristic
9.Protocol analyzers 10.Spam filter 11.UTM security appliances- URL filter
- Content inspection
- Malware inspection
12. Web application firewall vs. network firewall 13.Application aware devices
|
| Given a scenario, use secure network administration principles. | 1. Rule-based management2. Firewall rules 2.VLAN management 3. Secure router configuration 4. Access control lists 5. Port security 6. 802.1x 7. Flood guards 8. Loop protection 9. Implicit deny 10. Network separation 11. Log analysis 12. Unified threat management |
| Explain network design elements and components. | 1.DMZ 2. Subnetting 3.VLAN 4.NAT 5.Remote access 6.Telephony 7.NAC 8.Virtualization 9.Cloud computing- PaaS
- SaaS
- IaaS
- Private
- Public
- Hybrid
- Community
10.Layered security/defense in depth |
| Given a scenario, implement common protocols and services. | 1.Protocols- IPSec
- SNMP
- SSH
- DNS
- TLS
- SSL
- TCP/IP
- FTPS
- HTTPS
- SCP
- ICMP
- IPv4
- IPv6
- iSCSI
- Fibre Channel
- FCoE
- FTP
- SFTP
- TFTP
- TELNET
- HTTP
- NetBIOS
2.Ports- 21
- 22
- 25
- 53
- 80
- 110
- 139
- 143
- 443
- 3389
3.OSI relevance
|
| Given a scenario, troubleshoot security issues related to wireless networking. | 1. WPA2. WPA2 3.WEP 4. EAP 5. PEAP 6. LEAP 7. MAC filter 8. Disable SSID broadcast 9. TKIP 10. CCMP 11. Antenna placement 12. Power level controls 13. Captive portals 14. Antenna types 15. Site surveys 16. VPN (over open wireless) |
| Compliance and Operational Security 18% |
| Explain the importance of risk related concepts. | 1.Control types- Technical
- Management
- Operational
2.False positives 3.False negatives 4.Importance of policies in reducing riskPrivacy policy Acceptable use Security policy Mandatory vacations Job rotation Separation of duties Least privilege 5.Risk calculation- Likelihood
- ALE
- Impact
- SLE
- ARO
- MTTR
- MTTF
- MTBF
6.Quantitative vs. qualitative 7.Vulnerabilities 8.Threat vectors 9.Probability/threat likelihood 10. Risk avoidance, transference, acceptance, mitigation, deterrence 11. Risks associated with cloud computing and virtualization 12. Recovery time objective and recovery point objective
|
| Summarize the security implications of integrating systems and data with third parties. | 1. On-boarding/off-boarding business partners 2.Social media networks and/or applications 3.Interoperability agreements
4.Privacy considerations 5. Risk awareness 6. Unauthorized data sharing 7. Data ownership 8. Data backups 9. Follow security policy and procedures 10. Review agreement requirements to verify compliance and performance standards |
| Given a scenario, implement appropriate risk mitigation strategies. | 1. Change management2. Incident management 3. User rights and permissions reviews 4. Perform routine audits 5. Enforce policies and procedures to prevent data loss or theft 6.Enforce technology controls
- Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
|
| Given a scenario, implement basic forensic procedures. | 1. Order of volatility2. Capture system image 3. Network traffic and logs 4. Capture video 5. Record time offset 6. Take hashes 7. Screenshots 8. Witnesses 9. Track man hours and expense 10. Chain of custody 11. Big Data analysis |
| Summarize common incident response procedures. | 1. Preparation2. Incident identification 3. Escalation and notification 4. Mitigation steps 5. Lessons learned 6. Reporting 7.Recovery/reconstitution procedures 8.First responder 9. Incident isolation
10.Data breach 11.Damage and loss control
|
| Explain the importance of security related awareness and training. | 1.Security policy training and procedures 2.Role-based training 3.Personally identifiable information 4.Information classification- High
- Medium
- Low
- Confidential
- Private
- Public
5.Data labeling, handling and disposal 6. Compliance with laws, best practices and standards 7.User habits- Password behaviors
- Data handling
- Clean desk policies
- Prevent tailgating
- Personally owned devices
8. New threats and new security trends/alerts- New viruses
- Phishing attacks
- Zero-day exploits
9.Use of social networking and P2P 10. Follow up and gather training metrics to validate compliance and security posture
|
| Compare and contrast physical security and environmental controls. | 1.Environmental controls- HVAC
- Fire suppression
- EMI shielding
- Hot and cold aisles
- Environmental monitoring
- Temperature and humidity controls
2.Physical security- Hardware locks
- Mantraps
- Video surveillance
- Fencing
- Proximity readers
- Access list
- Proper lighting
- Signs
- Guards
- Barricades
- Biometrics
- Protected distribution (cabling)
- Alarms
- Motion detection
3.Control types- Deterrent
- Preventive
- Detective
- Compensating
- Technical
- Administrative
|
| Summarize risk management best practices. | 1.Business continuity concepts- Business impact analysis
- Identification of critical systems and components
- Removing single points of failure
- Business continuity planning and testing
- Risk assessment
- Continuity of operations
- Disaster recovery
- IT contingency planning
- Succession planning
- High availability
- Redundancy
- Tabletop exercises
2.Fault tolerance- Hardware
- RAID
- Clustering
- Load balancing
- Servers
3.Disaster recovery concepts- Backup plans/policies
- Backup execution/frequency
- Cold site
- Hot site
- Warm site
|
| Given a scenario, select the appropriate control to meet the goals of security. | 1.Confidentiality- Encryption
- Access controls
- Steganography
2.Integrity- Hashing
- Digital signatures
- Certificates
- Non-repudiation
3.Availability- Redundancy
- Fault tolerance
- Patching
4.Safety- Fencing
- Lighting
- Locks
- CCTV
- Escape plans
- Drills
- Escape routes
- Testing controls
|
| Threats and Vulnerabilities 20% |
| Explain types of malware. | 1. Adware2. Virus 3. Spyware 4. Trojan 5. Rootkits 6. Backdoors 7. Logic bomb 8. Botnets 9.Ransomware 10. Polymorphic malware 11. Armored virus |
| Summarize various types of attacks. | 1. Man-in-the-middle2. DDoS 3. DoS 4. Replay 5. Smurf attack 6. Spoofing 7. Spam 8. Phishing 9.Spim 10. Vishing 11. Spear phishing 12. Xmas attack 13.Pharming 14. Privilege escalation 15. Malicious insider threat 16. DNS poisoning and ARP poisoning 17 Transitive access 18. Client-side attacks 19.Password attacks- Brute force
- Dictionary attacks
- Hybrid
- Birthday attacks
- Rainbow tables
20.Typo squatting/URL hijacking 21.Watering hole attack
|
| Summarize social engineering attacks and the associated effectiveness with each attack. | 1. Shoulder surfing2. Dumpster diving 3. Tailgating 4. Impersonation 5. Hoaxes 6.Whaling 7.Vishing 8.Principles (reasons for effectiveness)- Authority
- Intimidation
- Consensus/social proof
- Scarcity
- Urgency
- Familiarity/liking
- Trust
|
| Explain types of wireless attacks. | 1. Rogue access points2. Jamming/interference 3. Evil twin 4. War driving 5. Bluejacking 6. Bluesnarfing 7. War chalking 8. IV attack 9. Packet sniffing 10. Near field communication 11. Replay attacks 12.WEP/WPA attacks 13.WPS attacks |
| Explain types of application attacks. | 1. Cross-site scripting2. SQL injection 3.LDAP injection 4. XML injection 5. Directory traversal/command injection 6. Buffer overflow 7. Integer overflow 8. Zero-day 9. Cookies and attachments 10. Locally Shared Objects (LSOs) 11. Flash cookies 12. Malicious add-ons 13. Session hijacking 14. Header manipulation 15. Arbitrary code execution/remote code execution |
| Analyze a scenario and select the appropriate type of mitigation and deterrent techniques. | 1.Monitoring system logs- Event logs
- Audit logs
- Security logs
- Access logs
2.Hardening- Disabling unnecessary services
- Protecting management interfaces and applications
- Password protection
- Disabling unnecessary accounts
3.Network security- MAC limiting and filtering
- 802.1x
- Disabling unused interfaces and unused application service ports
- Rogue machine detection
4.Security posture- Initial baseline configuration
- Continuous security monitoring
- Remediation
5.Reporting
6.Detection controls vs. prevention controls- IDS vs. IPS
- Camera vs. guard
|
| Given a scenario, use appropriate tools and techniques to discover security threats and vulnerabilities. | 1. Interpret results of security assessment tools 2.Tools- Protocol analyzer
- Vulnerability scanner
- Honeypots
- Honeynets
- Port scanner
- Passive vs. active tools
- Banner grabbing
3.Risk calculations
4.Assessment types
5.Assessment technique- Baseline reporting
- Code review
- Determine attack surface
- Review architecture
- Review designs
|
| Explain the proper use of penetration testing versus vulnerability scanning. | 1.Penetration testing- Verify a threat exists
- Bypass security controls
- Actively test security controls
- Exploiting vulnerabilities
2.Vulnerability scanning- Passively testing security controls
- Identify vulnerability
- Identify lack of security controls
- Identify common misconfigurations
- Intrusive vs. non-intrusive
- Credentialed vs. non-credentialed
- False positive
3.Black box 4. White box 5.Gray box
|
| Application, Data and Host Security 15% |
| Explain the importance of application security controls and techniques. | 1.Fuzzing 2.Secure coding concepts- Error and exception handling
- Input validation
3. Cross-site scripting prevention 4. Cross-site Request Forgery (XSRF) prevention 5. Application configuration baseline (proper settings) 6. Application hardening 7. Application patch management 8. NoSQL databases vs. SQL databases 9. Server-side vs. client-side validation |
| Summarize mobile security concepts and technologies. | 1.Device security- Full device encryption
- Remote wiping
- Lockout
- Screen locks
- GPS
- Application control
- Storage segmentation
- Asset tracking
- Inventory control
- Mobile device management
- Device access control
- Removable storage
- Disabling unused features
2.Application security- Key management
- Credential management
- Authentication
- Geo-tagging
- Encryption
- Application whitelisting
- Transitive trust/authentication
3.BYOD concerns- Data ownership
- Support ownership
- Patch management
- Antivirus management
- Forensics
- Privacy
- On-boarding/off-boarding
- Adherence to corporate policies
- User acceptance
- Architecture/infrastructure considerations
- Legal concerns
- Acceptable use policy
- On-board camera/video
|
| Given a scenario, select the appropriate solution to establish host security. | 1. Operating system security and settings 2.OS hardening 3.Anti-malware- Antivirus
- Anti-spam
- Anti-spyware
- Pop-up blockers
4. Patch management 5. Whitelisting vs. blacklisting applications 6. Trusted OS 7. Host-based firewalls 8. Host-based intrusion detection 9. Hardware security- Cable locks
- Safe
- Locking cabinets
10.Host software baselining 11.Virtualization- Snapshots
- Patch compatibility
- Host availability/elasticity
- Security control testing
- Sandboxing
|
| Implement the appropriate controls to ensure data security. | 1. Cloud storage2. SAN 3. Handling Big Data 4. Data encryption- Full disk
- Database
- Individual files
- Removable media
- Mobile devices
5.Hardware-based encryption devices- TPM
- HSM
- USB encryption
- Hard drive
6. Data in transit, data at rest, data in use 7. Permissions/ACL 8.Data policies- Wiping
- isposing
- Retention
- Storage
|
| Compare and contrast alternative methods to mitigate security risks in static environments. | 1.Environments- SCADA
- Embedded (printer, smart TV, HVAC control)
- Android
- iOS
- Mainframe
- Game consoles
- In-vehicle computing systems
2.Methods- Network segmentation
- Security layers
- Application firewalls
- Manual updates
- Firmware version control
- Wrappers
- Control redundancy and diversity
|
| Access Control and Identity Management 15% |
| Compare and contrast the function and purpose of authentication services. | 1. RADIUS2. TACACS+ 3.Kerberos 4.LDAP 5. XTACACS 6. SAML 7. Secure LDAP |
| Given a scenario, select the appropriate authentication, authorization or access control. | 1. Identification vs. authentication vs. authorization2. Authorization- Least privilege
- Separation of duties
- ACLs
- Mandatory access
- Discretionary access
- Rule-based access control
- Role-based access control
- Time of day restrictions
3.Authentication- Tokens
- Common access card
- Smart card
- Multifactor authentication
- TOTP
- HOTP
- CHAP
- PAP
- Single sign-on
- Access control
- Implicit deny
- Trusted OS
4.Authentication factors- Something you are
- Something you have
- Something you know
- Somewhere you are
- Something you do
5.Identification- Biometrics
- Personal identification verification card
- Username
6.Federation 7.Transitive trust/authentication
|
| Install and configure security controls when performing account management, based on best practices. | 1. Mitigate issues associated with users with multiple account/ roles and/or shared accounts 2.Account policy enforcement- Credential management
- Group policy
- Password complexity
- Expiration
- Recovery
- Disablement
- Lockout
- Password history
- Password reuse
- Password length
- Generic account prohibition
3. Group-based privileges 4. User-assigned privileges 5. User access reviews 6. Continuous monitoring |
| Cryptography 12% |
| Given a scenario, utilize general cryptography concepts. | 1. Symmetric vs. asymmetric2. Session keys 3. In-band vs. out-of-band key exchange 4. Fundamental differences and encryption methods
5. Transport encryption 6. Non-repudiation 7. Hashing 8. Key escrow 9. Steganography 10. Digital signatures11. Use of proven technologies 12. Elliptic curve and quantum cryptography 13. Ephemeral key 14. Perfect forward secrecy
|
| Given a scenario, use appropriate cryptographic methods. | 1. WEP vs. WPA/WPA2 and pre-shared key2. MD5 3.SHA 4.RIPEMD 5. AES 6. DES 7.3DES 8.HMAC 9. RSA 10.Diffie-Hellman 11.RC4 12. One-time pads 13. NTLM 14.NTLMv2 15. Blowfish 16. PGP/GPG 17. Twofish 18. DHE 19. ECDHE 20. CHAP 21. PAP 22. Comparative strengths and performance of algorithms 23. Use of algorithms/protocols with transport encryption
24.Cipher suites
25.Key stretching
|
| Given a scenario, use appropriate PKI, certificate management and associated components. | 1. Certificate authorities and digital certificates
2. PKI 3. Recovery agent 4. Public key 5. Private key 6. Registration 7. Key escrow 8. Trust models |
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